Situated at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, Azerbaijan is a landlocked nation in Southwest Asia. Iran, Georgia, Armenia, Russia, and the Caspian Sea encircle it. A republican form of government is in place, with the president serving as head of state and the prime minister as head of government.

The capital, Baku, is renowned for its modern skyline juxtaposed against historic architecture, such as the UNESCO-listed Old City (Icherisheher). The country boasts diverse landscapes ranging from the Caspian Sea coastline to the Greater Caucasus mountains, offering opportunities for both beachgoers and hikers alike.

Azerbaijan has a vibrant cultural scene, with a mix of Turkic, Persian, and Russian influences reflected in its cuisine, music, and art. Traditional music such as mugham and the national instrument, the tar, are integral parts of Azerbaijani culture.

Economically, Azerbaijan is known for its oil and gas reserves, which have contributed significantly to its development over recent decades. The country has invested in infrastructure and tourism, aiming to showcase its historical sites and natural attractions to the world.

Politically, Azerbaijan has faced challenges, particularly regarding its territorial disputes, notably with Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. However, it remains a key player in the Caucasus region and a bridge between Europe and Asia.

Overall, Azerbaijan offers visitors a blend of ancient history, modern development, and natural wonders, making it a compelling destination for travelers interested in exploring the diversity of the Caucasus region.