Millets, a group of small-seeded grasses widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food, have gained popularity in recent years due to their numerous health benefits. Rich in fibre, vitamins, and minerals, millets are often considered a superfood. However, like any other food, they come with their own set of potential side effects that one should be aware of. This article will delve into millets side effects, helping you make an informed decision before incorporating them into your diet.

1. Thyroid Issues

One of the primary concerns with millets is their potential to interfere with thyroid function. Millets contain goitrogens, substances that can impair the production of thyroid hormones by disrupting iodine uptake in the thyroid gland. This can lead to the development of goitres and hypothyroidism, especially in individuals who already have a thyroid condition or are deficient in iodine. If you have a history of thyroid issues, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare provider before making millets a regular part of your diet.

2. Digestive Problems

While the high fibre content in millets is beneficial for many, it can also cause digestive discomfort in some individuals. Consuming large amounts of fibre can lead to bloating, gas, and stomach cramps. For those who are not accustomed to a high-fibre diet, it is recommended to gradually introduce millets and ensure adequate water intake to help your digestive system adjust.

3. Anti-Nutrient Content

Millets contain anti-nutrients such as phytic acid, tannins, and oxalates. These compounds can bind to minerals like calcium, iron, and zinc, reducing their absorption in the body. Over time, this can lead to deficiencies in these essential minerals, especially in individuals who rely heavily on millets as a primary food source. Soaking, fermenting, or sprouting millets before consumption can help reduce the levels of anti-nutrients and improve mineral absorption.

4. Allergic Reactions

Although rare, some individuals may be allergic to millets. Symptoms of a millet allergy can include itching, rashes, hives, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis. If you experience any adverse reactions after consuming millets, it is important to seek medical advice promptly. Those with a known grain allergy should approach millets with caution and consider allergy testing if necessary.

5. Kidney Stones Risk

Millets, particularly those high in oxalates, can contribute to the formation of kidney stones in susceptible individuals. Oxalates can bind with calcium in the urine, forming calcium oxalate stones. If you have a history of kidney stones, it’s advisable to limit your intake of high-oxalate millets and ensure you are consuming enough calcium through other dietary sources to prevent stone formation.

6. Interference with Medication

Certain compounds in millets may interfere with the effectiveness of medications. For instance, the high fibre content can affect the absorption of some drugs, reducing their efficacy. If you are on medication, it’s best to consult with your healthcare provider about potential interactions and the appropriate timing for consuming millets relative to your medication schedule.